- ISSUE BRIEF
- APPENDIX TABLES
- DATA AND METHODS
- TECHNICAL APPENDICES
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry’s standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum.
It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using ‘Content here, content here’, making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for ‘lorem ipsum’ will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by accident, sometimes on purpose (injected humour and the like).
Where can I get some?
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words which don’t look even slightly believable. If you are going to use a passage of Lorem Ipsum, you need to be sure there isn’t anything embarrassing hidden in the middle of text. All the Lorem Ipsum generators on the Internet tend to repeat predefined chunks as necessary, making this the first true generator on the Internet. It uses a dictionary of over 200 Latin words, combined with a handful of model sentence structures, to generate Lorem Ipsum which looks reasonable. The generated Lorem Ipsum is therefore always free from repetition, injected humour, or non-characteristic words etc.
Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, looked up one of the more obscure Latin words, consectetur, from a Lorem Ipsum passage, and going through the cites of the word in classical literature, discovered the undoubtable source. Lorem Ipsum comes from sections 1.10.32 and 1.10.33 of “de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum” (The Extremes of Good and Evil) by Cicero, written in 45 BC. This book is a treatise on the theory of ethics, very popular during the Renaissance. The first line of Lorem Ipsum, “Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet..”, comes from a line in section 1.10.32.
The standard chunk of Lorem Ipsum used since the 1500s is reproduced below for those interested. Sections 1.10.32 and 1.10.33 from “de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum” by Cicero are also reproduced in their exact original form, accompanied by English versions from the 1914 translation by H. Rackham.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla risus mi, lobortis nec erat id, gravida mollis lectus. Phasellus magna nisi, hendrerit ac erat non, ultricies tincidunt eros. Aenean maximus ante vitae est condimentum, ut suscipit libero rhoncus. Quisque a velit vel orci ultricies consequat. Maecenas vehicula tincidunt commodo. In sagittis ligula justo, id scelerisque metus efficitur eget. Ut mollis sollicitudin dui, vitae tristique nulla efficitur finibus. In vitae efficitur leo. Praesent vitae urna mollis, pretium lectus eu, laoreet nisi. Nulla nec arcu ex. Nullam nibh nisi, facilisis sed odio et, sagittis aliquet tortor. Mauris pellentesque purus urna, vitae fermentum sem semper vitae. Fusce viverra velit lorem, sed consectetur diam euismod vitae. Ut pulvinar ligula vel pharetra mattis. Donec quis imperdiet nisl.
Technical Appendix A:
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla risus mi, lobortis nec erat id, gravida mollis lectus. Phasellus magna nisi, hendrerit ac erat non, ultricies tincidunt eros. Aenean maximus ante vitae est condimentum, ut suscipit libero rhoncus. Quisque a velit vel orci ultricies consequat. Maecenas vehicula tincidunt commodo. In sagittis ligula justo, id scelerisque metus efficitur eget. Ut mollis sollicitudin dui, vitae tristique nulla efficitur finibus. In vitae efficitur leo. Praesent vitae urna mollis, pretium lectus eu, laoreet nisi. Nulla nec arcu ex. Nullam nibh nisi, facilisis sed odio et, sagittis aliquet tortor. Mauris pellentesque purus urna, vitae fermentum sem semper vitae. Fusce viverra velit lorem, sed consectetur diam euismod vitae. Ut pulvinar ligula vel pharetra mattis. Donec quis imperdiet nisl.
Aliquam erat massa, consectetur a lobortis non, dapibus quis sem. Suspendisse leo magna, rhoncus nec odio et, mollis fermentum dolor. Nunc eget elit euismod, tristique odio non, pretium nisi. Etiam sed lorem vitae ex pellentesque maximus et vel mauris. Vestibulum sit amet auctor nunc. Praesent varius sem in magna lacinia imperdiet. Vivamus venenatis aliquam ligula nec lobortis. Fusce fermentum aliquam ligula a porta. Aenean pellentesque metus molestie, luctus sem nec, maximus lectus. Nunc tincidunt eros ac lorem mattis, sit amet tristique urna semper. Pellentesque ut mi convallis, dictum sapien nec, semper nibh. Donec eget enim sed dolor malesuada vestibulum. Proin diam est, viverra quis justo molestie, eleifend ornare augue. Nulla ut cursus lacus, vitae commodo neque.
In eros libero, ornare ut ultrices non, tincidunt at sem. Nulla facilisi. Aliquam ut suscipit purus, at dictum orci. Donec rhoncus lacus ut sagittis cursus. Maecenas pretium sagittis orci a blandit. Integer consequat pretium sapien, in vehicula leo eleifend a. Aenean neque enim, eleifend molestie arcu quis, sodales malesuada diam. Donec consequat fringilla justo eu rhoncus. Sed et nisi quis felis pellentesque lobortis. Integer metus diam, tempor quis lobortis eu, congue quis nulla. Fusce ut eros neque. Sed faucibus neque tortor, ut hendrerit neque placerat ac.
Quisque ut varius lectus, et vulputate nunc. Donec convallis urna in orci ornare, quis sollicitudin elit blandit. Duis mattis hendrerit diam, nec eleifend tellus faucibus mattis. Morbi commodo, erat sed blandit porta, nunc orci viverra quam, ut tempus tellus nunc id metus. Mauris lacus quam, pellentesque vitae tristique vel, dapibus sit amet lectus. Aliquam varius justo vel interdum dictum. Morbi ut massa tempor nisl pellentesque posuere eget quis quam. Duis ut mattis erat. Nam et lectus sed ante malesuada eleifend eget pellentesque tortor. Aliquam eu molestie massa, ut ullamcorper nulla. Donec vel lorem nec nibh venenatis bibendum. Maecenas eget aliquam nibh. Donec leo purus, dapibus quis est et, malesuada porttitor turpis. Cras neque lorem, aliquet non semper sit amet, porta vitae ex. In fringilla, ex vitae iaculis tristique, ipsum eros eleifend massa, eget pretium urna ligula vitae felis.
Aenean semper, lorem quis tempor auctor, elit felis placerat elit, ac mattis sem tortor et mauris. Suspendisse sapien enim, cursus ac scelerisque sit amet, scelerisque non lectus. Integer at nisl neque. Vestibulum interdum, erat non auctor lacinia, eros orci auctor tellus, ut aliquam velit orci nec nisi. Nullam tristique turpis non massa posuere euismod. Vivamus at purus mollis, tincidunt nisl fermentum, porta ligula. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aenean placerat magna est, eu aliquet eros fringilla eu.
